Burke Litwin 1992 Essay Example for Free

Burke Litwin 1992 Essay Change is depicted in terms of both process and content, with particular emphasis on transformational as compared with transactional factors. Transformational change occurs as a response to the external environment and directly affects organizational mission and strategy, the organiz. ations leadership, atid culture, lit ttirn, tfie transactional factors are affected—strtictute. systems, management practices, and climate. These transformational and transactional factors together affect motivation, which, in turn, affects peifornumce. In support of the models potential validity, theory and research as wellaspraetke are cited. Orgatiization change is a kind of chaos (Gleick. 1987). The number of variables changing at the same lime, the magnitude of environmental change, and the frequent resistance of human systetns cteate a whole confluence of ptocesses that are extremely difficult to predict and almost impossible to control. Nevertheless, there are consistent patterns that exist—linkages among classes of events that have been demonstrated repeatedly in the research literature and can be seen in actual organizations. The enormous and pervasive impact of culture and beliefs— to the point where it causes organizations to do fundamentally unsound things ftom a business point of view^would be such an observed phenotnenon. To build a most likely model describing the causes of organizational performance and change, we must explore two important lines of thinking. First, we must understand more thoroughly how organizations function (i. e. , what leads to what). Second, given our tiiodel of causation, we must understand how organizations might be deliberately changed. The linkage typically is in the direction of theory and research to practice: that is. to ground our consultation in what is known, what is theoretically and empirically sound. Creation of the tnodel to be presented in this article was not quite in that knowledge-to-practice direction, however. With respect to theory, we sttongly believe in the open system framework, especially represented by Katz and Kahn (1978). Thus, any organizational model that we might develop would stem from an input-throughput-output, with a feedback loop, format. The tnodei presented hete is definitely of that genre. In other wotds. the fundamental framework for the model evolved from theory. The components of the model and what causes what and in what order, on the other hand, have evolved frotn our practice. To risk stating what is often not politic to admit in academic circles, we admit that the ultimate development of our causal model evolved from practice, not extensive theory or tesearch. What we are attempting with this article, therefore, is a theoretical and empirical justification of what we clearly believe works. To be candid, we acknowledge that our attempt is not unlike attribution theory—we are explaining our beliefs and actions ex post facto: This seemed to have worked; I wonder if the literature supports our action. Our consulting efforts over a period of about 5 years with British Airways taught us a lot^—what changes seemed to have worked and what activities clearly did not. It was from these experiences that our model took form. As a case example, we refer to the work at British Airways later in this article. For a more recent overview of that change effort, . see Goodstein and Burke (1991).

Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird Essay -- Racism Race Kill Mockingbi

Harper Lee's To Kill A Mockingbird The United States has been dealing with the issue of racism ever since Columbus landed on Plymouth Rock. The Indians were the first to endure harsh racism in this country. Pilgrims moving west ran them off their land wiping out many tribes and destroying many resources in their path. However, when many think of racism today, the issue of blacks and whites is the first to come to mind. African Americans have come a long way in today’s society as compared to the society their ancestors had to overcome. But just as far as we have come, there is still a long way we must go. Harper Lee, author of To Kill A Mockingbird, clearly depicts racism and what it was like in the nineteen-thirties through the trial of Tom Robinson and the only white man that supports him, Atticus Finch. The whole town of Mycomb becomes overwhelmed by a crime that a poor, â€Å"white trash† young woman named Mayella Ewell, accuses Tom Robinson, a black field laborer, of committing. This is very similar to the case of the Scottsboro Boys where nine black men were also wrongfully accused of a crime only because of the color of their skin. The fictional story, To Kill A Mockingbird, seems to depict actual events that happened throughout the nineteen-thirties in the south, during a time when whites dominated the legal system and blacks had no rights. The nineteen-thirties was a time of great hardship for many Americans in the south and around the country. The great depression was in full effect and was especially hard on those Americans who were involved in agriculture. The south played host to a higher degree of segregation than any other region of the country at this time. Many states and cities reinforced segregat... ...as usually taken care of outside of the courtroom, left dangling from a tree or beaten to death by angry mobs. â€Å"White Justice,† was the only thing that mattered to the white southerners during the nineteen-thirties. And that was the only thing that the blacks would get. Works Cited Braziel, Jana. History of Lynching in the United States. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1992. Lee, Harper. To Kill A Mockingbird. New York: Warner Books, 1982. Linder, Douglas. The Trials of â€Å"The Scottsboro Boys.† http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/FTrials/scottsboro/SB_acct.html Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site Interpretive Staff. â€Å"Jim Crow† Laws.† January 5, 1998. http://www.nps.gov/malu/documents/jim_crow_laws.htm. Stewart E. Tolnay and E.M. Beck, A Festival of Violence: An Analysis of Southern Lynchings, 1882-1930.

Landscape with St. John on Patmos

Rizza1 The piece of work that I really admired and found myself starring at much longer than the others that was made between 1450 to 1750 was, Nicolas Poussin’s, Landscape with St. John on Patmos. Knowing from my past art history research and education, Nicolas Poussin is considered to be one of the most influential French artists of his era, with this painting being a great example of why he can take that honor. This painting is an example of a new style of thoroughly set and highly idealized classical landscape.The painting is 39(1//2) by 53(5/8) inches, using oil paints on canvas and was created in the year 1640. When one first looks at the painting as it hangs on the wall, they would see a man, Saint John, that appears to be writing on some type of paper sitting at the foreground of the painting in bright yellow and red clothing. The reason that the audience can tell this man is St. John is because the eagle that sits beside him, which is the symbol of the Saint John evan gelist, and also the halo that hovers over the head of the man in the painting is a good indicator.As Saint John sits on the ground, he has a sheet of paper in his hands as well as some sheets lying next to him on the ground. The reason that you can tell that he is writing something and not just reading it is because although it maybe small, on the ground next to him is a pen and some ink that look as though they have been use. With the way that Poussin painted Saint John sitting and the features on his face it almost feels as if Saint John was in a deep thought or puzzled on what to write.Although many people describe this scene to be a very violent and emotional scene Poussin does a great job making the scene look calm and very peaceful to its audence. As you move throughout the scene you will notice that ruins of buildings surround man, to his left, right and even in the middle ground. To the right and left of Rizza2 Saint John the ruins are not full buildings but just little pie ce that looks as though they have broken off the building.Also another ruin sitting next to Saint John is what looks like to be a pillar or base of a building that use to be where he is sitting in the painting. The colors of these elements are very dull and look almost dead like sitting next to the very colorful Saint John. As your eye travels to the back of the painting, you will see some more ruins that Poussin has put into the scene. In the middle ground of the painting you will see what appears to resemble an old classic roman temple sitting next and large pillar that looks as if it could be an Egyptian novelist.Although that Poussin was a French artist, he did spend the majority of his life in Roman, hence where he got the inspiration for the temple in the background. The reason that many feel that Poussin is one of the most influential artist of this time is not because of what he paints but it’s the technique that he uses within the painting. The style that he uses in this painting, as well as others he has produced, is the style that many artists will try to replicate and will become to be known as the classical landscape.As your eye travels through the painting, notice how every element and structure has a sense of order and purpose. With your eyes trying to go on a journey through the painting Poussin gives you a path to take. What that means is as you move away from the foreground and passed Saint John your eyes almost want to move straight the objects in the middle ground but with the way Poussin painted he created a path to take your eyes there. With each part of the landscape giving you more to explore and look at. Rizza3 This painting, Landscape with St.John on Patmos by Nicolas Poussin is highly idealized as classical landscape. The reason that this landscape is more influential then other landscapes of this time is because of the technique and style Poussin used well developing this piece of work. With using shadows in the foreground an d background, creating a path for your eye to follow, and using the size of the objects, Poussin created a great piece of work and will go down in the history books as the beginning of the classical landscape. Nicholas Rizza February 5, 2013 Art History 111 Andrew Dribin Word count: 796

Physical And Mental Health An Essential Part Of A Person...

Daily counseling with clinical psychologists helps a wide range of people globally with problems and issues in life. Some people develop particular emotional and mental health problems such as schizophrenia and depression, and that leads to the loss of productivity and efficiency of daily life. With the help of psychologist, people can improve their mental health conditions that will benefit the occupation of the individual and their personal life issues. By providing care and therapy, psychologists ensure that people with mental illnesses can cope with daily life situations effectively. Many challenges people face in the modern world stem from human behavior, thus psychological knowledge can help find solutions to overcome these obstacles by studying the various aspects of the human mind. Mental health is an essential part of a person’s overall health, and it has a complex interactive relationship with physical and mental issues that affects a person s ability to succeed in s chool, work, and society. Physical and mental issues can be helped with psychological care or counseling. Mental illness is shaped by the cultural and interpersonal contexts. As people progress in school or work, they will develop some sort of stress or health issue that will conflict with productivity and will sabotage their occupation and personal lives. The Employee Assistance Program (EAP) is designed to help employees and skilled corporate risk managers receive the mental health servicesShow MoreRelatedDoes Physical Activity Affect Scholastic Performance? Essay1702 Words   |  7 Pages2016 Does Physical Activity Affect Scholastic Performance? As time goes on, physical activity is becoming an average person’s second priority. The rise of technology allows people to do many everyday tasks within their own home. The ability to get almost anything delivered straight to a person’s house with a push of a button promotes an inactive lifestyle. While this can be seen as progressive in a technological standpoint, it completely disregards humankind’s need to perform physical activity. DueRead MoreOptimizing the Later Years of Life800 Words   |  4 Pagessatisfaction. Unfortunately, when one nears the age of 30, their physical and mental capabilities begin to decline. However, luckily, this process can be detained. In the book â€Å"Successful Aging,† John Rowe, M.D. and Robert Kahn describe how to optimize our life to avoid hitting this â€Å"breaking point† in our life, and stay as healthy as possible. They emphasize that if one avoids diseases and disabilities, participates in physical and men tal exercise, and social interaction, then they will see noticeableRead MoreWho Is Quality Of Life? Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesWHO Quality of Life Overview of the WHO Quality of Life The World Health Organization defines quality of life as a person’s perceptions of their position in life in the setting of the culture and value systems in which they live in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns (Krageloh et al., 2011). The WHOQOL-100 was developed by the World Health Organization composed of many different doctors and other healthcare providers in order to develop an assessment that could be usedRead MoreHuman Health And Coping Styles Of Migrant And Non Migrant Women1423 Words   |  6 PagesMigration is a complex phenomena in which a person is moved forcibly from his home to some remote place leading to unprecedented changes in his physical and mental health. The present study was aimed to assess the mental health and coping styles of migrant and non-migrant women in Jammu and Kashmir. The total sample for the study consists of (440) women out of which (220) women belongs to Kashmiri migrant from Jammu region (Kashmiri Pandit wome n migrated to Jammu due to terrorism) and (220) NonRead MoreLaughter Is An Essential Part Of Life1370 Words   |  6 Pagesfigured out that it not only makes a person feel good but that it actually has medicinal qualities. The Webster-Merriam dictionary defines medicine as â€Å"The science and art dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention, alleviation, or cure of disease† (â€Å"Medicine†). The definition of â€Å"medicine† creates a large gray area in which many items can fall into this category. Therefore, laughing falls into this category as a medicine. Laughter is an essential part of life and has been linked to promoteRead MoreA Research Study On Health1139 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy, talks about a young person who have been admitted to the mental health unit, who is experiencing a serious stress and anxiety. The context in which an individual lives is of great importance on health status and quality of life. Health is maintained and improved through the advancement and application of health science and through the efforts and suitable lifestyle choices of the individual. According to the World Health Organisation, the main determinants of health include the social and economicRead MoreMental Stigma, Media Misrepresentation And The False Branding Of The Lgbt Community1529 Words   |  7 PagesMental health issues affect society in many ways, such as identification, treatment, and overall understanding; as a result of this they have been mocked and dismissed for most of history. This paper is a thorough investigation into the long, tumultuous history of mental illnesses. The history of mental stigma, media misrepresentation and the false branding of the LGBT+ community will be explored. In addition, this paper goes into detail about the horrific past of the treatment of mental patientsRea d MoreHolistic Medicine, Therapeutic Massage And Dietary Recommendations Essay1120 Words   |  5 PagesHolistic medicine is defined in different ways. Overall, it emphases on how the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual fundamentals of a person are connected to maintain health. As soon as one part is not functioning well, it is believed to affect the whole person. Holistic methods focus on the whole person rather than just on the illness or part of the body that is not healthy. In an holistic method to treatment, there is the belief that our health not only depends on what is going on in our bodyRead MoreThe Effects Of Ptsd On The Body1112 Words   |  5 PagesWhen a person gets cut severe enough in the flesh, it leaves a scar. The scar is a permanent reminder of the circumstances surrounds the initial formation of the wound. Not all injuries are physical. Some are emotional, and they can also be mental. The effects of the trauma can be on the body or the mind. It all leaves a reminder as to what happened and how you felt when it happened. These physical or psychological/physical traumas can cause stress however with work and time will be able to overcomeRead MoreHospitals And The Health Care System1248 Words   |  5 PagesHospitals play an essential role when it pertains to our health care system. Hospitals are health care organizations that have a structured and well organized medical and professional employees, inpatient facilities, deliver medical, n ursing and correlated services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Hospitals offer an approach that has a wide range of acute, recuperating and terminal care utilizing diagnostic and healing services. These medical services are utilized when a patient has acute and chronic

Analyzing The Menace Of Mass Destruction - 977 Words

Analyzing â€Å"The Menace of Mass Destruction† Although many people carry on with their daily life half indifferent and half frightened, their tomorrow’s fate solely lies in their thoughts, actions and decisions at the current time. â€Å"The Menace of Mass Destruction† is a speech that was previously given by Albert Einstein to the General Assembly and the Security arm of the United Nations during the second yearly dinner of the Foreign Press Association. Ideally, the speech is among the most influential speeches ever given because it addresses critical issues that threaten human peace, outlines the reasons for the mishaps, and provides adequate solutions to their problems. The speech is the most effective since it focuses on the real issues affecting today’s generations that in turn determines the future generations’ peace and stability. In addition, it gives guidelines into how different nations can live peacefully without posing threats to the future generations. Furthermore, Einstein’s speech was effective since he grabbed the attention of his audience through the use of various literary and rhetorical devices. He applies logos to pass on valuable information to his audience. For instance, he notes that fear and anxiety result into hatred and aggressiveness. He also asserts that fear and distrust usually fasten conflicts among nations. In addition, progressive growth in technology has been the cause of the ever increasing instances of hostility, (AtomicShow MoreRelatedNuclear War : Power Versus Peace Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pagestoday’s society people must consider the possible devastation a major war could bring to the world and society as a whole. Throughout history the US has successfully avenged threats made to our nation, homes, and citizens but, what if the menace becomes mass destruction? According to Johan Galtung, the author of On the Social and Cultural Implications of Nuclear War, a war with s uch ambivalent outcomes would produce a more broken world, stating, â€Å"We live already, to a large extent, in a world of woundedRead MoreAnalysis Of Star Wars1495 Words   |  6 Pagesthe single most recognizable science fiction experience to the date, hides a substantial amount of real life issues, and borrows a great deal from real life history. While feasting these senses, a lot can be gained by analyzing the saga, specifically A New Hope and The Phantom Menace by George Lucas. Ironic themes exist in the saga in the likes of an oppressive government, the horrid results of such governments, a strong presence of theology—all which demonstrates parallelism of real life; borrowingRead MorePolitics in Sports2095 Words   |  9 PagesPresident of the United States at the time, as he named North Korea to be one of the three â€Å"Axis of Evil†. The Axis of evil were the three countries that were accused repetitively by Bush by supporting Terrorism and seeking weap ons of mass destruction. After analyzing the massive hatred from the South Koreans it is clear now that although there was some hurt feelings by the sporting incident, most of the hatred was to show that the political statements Bush made about their neighbor country in whichRead MoreEffects and Impact of Solid Waste Generation in Abuja Municicipal Area Council9572 Words   |  39 Pagesin parts like Lugbe, a settlement around the precinct of Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport. 1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This research paper is aimed at highlighting and discussing extensively on the environmental menace posed by the illegal dumping of refuse at various zones of the city especially solid waste disposal, the hazardous effects and impact of solid waste exposure overly observed and recorded over the years in the municipality with major emphasis on theRead MoreDrug Abuse8640 Words   |  35 Pagesthroughout the report, repetitive use of the drug abuse’ has been made to instate into the minds of the reader the cause of using drug abuse in an illicit manner The selection of the topic ‘Drug Abuse’ has been made in order to remind us of the menace of drug abuse. We live in a world where speed is the name of the game. A world where we cannot halt even for second or someone else will zip fast us to take our place. People say that it is a beautiful world if only we take time to look around. ButRead MoreNuclearization in South Asia13618 Words   |  55 Pagessecurity in a prime terrorist target - New Delhi. The extremists, armed with powerful, sophisticated guns, have often targeted government and police officers and Hindu and moderate Sikh politicians; but, frequently, they have engaged in the random mass killing of ordinary Hindu civilians. This year has witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of attacks and fatalities. India has been troubled by sectarian violence for decades, reflecting a constant conflict between its federal system and ethnicRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesprevious history combined. During the same time span, however, state tyranny and brutal oppression reached once unimaginable levels—in large part due to the refinement or introduction of new technologies of repression and surveillance and modes of mass organization and control. Breakthroughs in the sciences that greatly enhanced our understandings of the natural world and made for major advances in medicine and health care were very often offset by the degradation of the global environment andRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesexists. 8. There are numerous sects and groupings of Rastafarians, each holding to its own belief system and structure. 9. Rastafarianism is a deeply patriarchal religion that remains completely behoven to the Bible. 10. For the Rasta, the land mass of Africa, one of the poorest continents on earth, is the promised land. 11. Finally, Rastas seem to harbor a great deal of anger against white people, and yet the religion is accepted and popular among some white people. Most non-Rastafarians tendRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesstarting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughly explaining, analyzing and exploring organization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures,

Feminism In The Handmaids Tale Essay - 1588 Words

Feminism In The Handmaids Tale Feminism as we know it began in the mid 1960s as the Womens Liberation Movement. Among its chief tenants is the idea of womens empowerment, the idea that women are capable of doing and should be allowed to do anything men can do. Feminists believe that neither sex is naturally superior. They stand behind the idea that women are inherently just as strong and intelligent as the so-called stronger sex. Many writers have taken up the cause of feminism in their work. One of the most well known writers to deal with feminist themes is Margaret Atwood. Her work is clearly influenced by the movement and many literary critics, as well as Atwood herself, have identified her as a feminist writer.†¦show more content†¦The aunts constantly quote the Bible and encourage to women to be genteel and unmasculine. These women are in many ways the antithesis of the feminist. In other ways though, they fall right in line with feminist dogma. Their constant derailment of men and their bitter, hate-filled demeanors make them almost caricatures of hard-line feminists. In fact, they fit quite nicely into the stereotypical way that that anti-feminist men often portray feminists, as bitchy, man-hating lesbians. Another function of the aunts in the book is to undermine the sense of female camaraderie shown other places in the book. While claiming to hate men, the aunts side with the men, pushing their agenda on the handmaids and treating them as much like objects as the men in the story do. Another group who seems to do this is the wives, most notably, Serena Joy. Instead of siding with the handmaids in their battle against a male-dominated society, the wives treat them with little to no respect and continuously show petty jealousy towards them. In fact, most or all of the women in The Handmaids Tale are portrayed in this manner. While the handmaids themselves show solidarity on some occasions, they too exhibit petty jealousy and backbiting in other scenes in the book. They also take part in the most shocking scene in the book. The handmaids rip and tear a young manShow MoreRelatedFeminism In The Handmaids Tale1709 Words   |  7 PagesThe Republic of Gilead, a dystopian world wi th a patriarchal society, is displayed in Atwood’s, The Handmaid’s Tale. More specifically, the novel takes place in what used to be considered the United States but is now being called the Republic of Gilead where freedoms and rights have been excluded, especially for women. The society nurtures a â€Å"theocratic, patriarchal, nightmare world created by men, with the complicity of women† (â€Å"Margaret (Eleanor) Atwood†). The separation of the freedoms betweenRead MoreFeminism in The Handmaids Tale626 Words   |  3 PagesChoice Novel Paper: Feminism in The Handmaid’s Tale In today’s news we see many disruptions and inconsistencies in society, and, according to Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, humankind might be headed in that direction. The deterioration of society is a concept often explored biologically in novels, but less common, is the effect on everyday social constructs such as the position of women as a item that can be distributed and traded-in for a ‘better’ product. The Handmaid’s Tale elaborates theRead MoreFeminism In The Handmaids Tale1422 Words   |  6 PagesThe Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood is set in a future time period where the United States is under the control of the Gileadean regime. A terrorist attack leads to the collapse of Congress, the suspension of the Constitution, and the establishment of a theocratic totalitarian government. Men and women are given roles within society; they are Commanders, Eyes, Handmaids, and Marthas. In this novel, Atwood explores a promine nt social issue, feminism. The suppression and power of women are examinedRead MoreSummary Of Feminism In The Handmaids Tale724 Words   |  3 PagesMerriam Webster defines feminism is defined as â€Å"the theory of the political, economic, and social equality of the sexes† (Merriam-Webster). Still, today in America, the thought of gender equality idealistic because the system is internally misogynistic. Margaret Atwood tackles internalized misogyny because of hierarchal patriarchy in her dystopia, Gilead. She creates a world where on the surface women are equal while underlying criticizing religious conservative politics. Writer, Fiona Tolan analyzesRead MoreThe Significance Of Feminism In The Handmaids Tale991 Words   |  4 Pagesgranted. This is evident through Margaret Atwood’s novel The Handmaid’s Tale, a work of speculative fiction that depicts a dystopian future world called Gilead. In this novel, Atwood does a great job of highlighting the significance of feminism or specifically the lack thereof and warns the reader of the consequences that comes along with not recognising the effects on women in a patriarchal society. During the 1980’s, when The Handmaid’s Tale was written, women in North America had the right to voteRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale Feminism Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesMargaret Atwood’s 1985 novel, The Handmaid’s Tale, is undoubtedly a staple piece when considering feminism in literature. While most works might take a firm stand on one side or the other when considering feminism, The Handmaid’s Tale approaches the subject differently; instead of establishing an ironclad position either supporting or condemning feminist ideals, Atwood’s novel showcases both ends of a spectrum concerning the advantages and disadvantages of such a movement in a democratic-turned-totalitarianRead MoreThoughts on Feminism and Dystopia in the Handmaid’s Tale Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX ENGL 252-01 28 November 2012 Thoughts on Feminism and Dystopia in The Handmaid’s Tale The Annotated Bibliography Dopp, Jamie. Subject-Position as Victim-Position in The Handmaids Tale. Studies in Canadian Literature / Études en littà ©rature canadienne [Online], 19.1 (1994): n. page. 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We see the outcome of the reversal of women’s rights and a totalitarian government which is based on reproduction. Not only is the government oppressive, but we see the female roles support and enable the oppression of other female characters. â€Å"This is an open ended text,†¦conscious of the possibilities

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Composers use many techniques in their texts to use images to portray, places and ideas. Director John Ruane in his film Dead Letter Office uses multiple camera shots to portray Alice as a hopeful young girl waiting for her father to come home, and then as a young adult determined to find her father through her letters. Banjo Paterson uses literary writing techniques and adjectives in his poem, Clancy of the Overflow, to give us vivid images of the relaxing and calming life of the drover Clancy. Through the use of the mise-en-scene of Frank’s house, Ruane decorates the house with outdated and sparse furniture to tell us that Frank is not very wealthy and the positioning of the house on the outskirts of a suburb also tell us that he is alone and dislocated. The Queensland country is strong depicted in Clancy and the Overflow by the use of strong adjectives describing the landscape such as ‘sunlight plains,’and ‘everlasting stars,’ and ‘ river on its bars,’ are examples of the writing techniques that Banjo uses in this poem. In Ruane’s film, the pigeon Punt Road is used as a metaphor for home and as a metaphor for Aclice and Frank being trapped inside themselves and the release of Punt Road symbolises their release. The idea of a romanticised Queensland bush is brought about of Banjos Paterson’s use of creative writing techniques that is used whenever the city person is talking about the place that Clancy is at. Director John Ruane portrays Alice as first hopeful and then purposeful via the use of a number of cinematic techniques in the opening sequence. Ruane has used the close up image of Alice’s ballet slippers juxtaposed with the close up shot of Alice skipping to empathise Alice’s father will be ‘coming home. ’ Ruane uses a montage of letters in the opening sequence to also empathise the feeling of loss that Alice feels towards her father, this combined with non-diegetic voice overs from a young Alice and adult Alice to change her tone form being hopeful to determine. In contrast to Ruane, Banjo Paterson uses a number of writing techniques throughout the poem, Clancy of the Overflow, to give the reader images of the city dweller as someone who is not happy with his life and would like it to change. ‘In my wild erratic fancy vision come to me of Clancy. ’ This is an example of Paterson using strong adjectives to provoke vivid images of Clancy of the Overflow. Banjo also the literary technique of modality in the quote ‘As the stock are slowly stringing, Clancy rides behind them singing’ to gives us the images that Clancy has a very relaxed and laid back lifestyle droving through the soft language used. Frank’s house is a perfect example of how composers can use images to depict a place and how it can tell us a lot about the person living there. Ruane uses a long panning shot as we first see Frank’s house to show to dry and bare paddock that the house is next to. This image immediately tells the viewer that Frank isn’t very wealthy and he seems quite alone and excluded as the house is on the very edge of an outer suburb. The director Ruane also uses the inside decoration of the house to convey this theme of dislocated. The furniture that is used in Frank’s house is very out-dated and sparse. This also conveys the message that he doesn’t have anyone but himself to look after because of the lack of furniture Through the use of very selective word choice and description, Banjo Paterson, creates images of the Queensland outback as the city dweller imagines it. ‘Vision splendid of the sunlit plains extended. ’ Is an example of this writing technique with ‘splendid’ being used to create a soft touch to an otherwise very harsh environment that desert plains are. ‘Wondrous glory of the everlasting stars. ’ Is another example of Paterson using adjectives to describe the Queensland bush as beautiful and soft and not the harsh environment that in reality it is. Ruane uses metaphors to symbolise many ideas throughout his film The Dead Letter Office. The most used metaphor is the pigeon Punt Road who we meet in the first scene in the office. â€Å"Home isn’t just a map reference; it is where he feels he is at home. ’ Punt Road is used as a metaphor of home, because he symbolises to the staff that the dead letter office is to many of them the only place that they have. Frank is a example of this, he has none at home, but when he comes into the office he is looked after, the same that Punt Road is looked after. Punt Road also symbolises how Frank and Alice are trapped inside each other, and the release of Punt Road symbolises how they can release what is trapped inside them and come together. Paterson uses many writing technique to give the readers the idea of Romanticised Bush or to describe the Queensland bush as something that in reality it isn’t. This means that Banjo is able to create a sense of a dream location for the city slicker. â€Å"Bush friends meet him. † Is used by Banjo but in reality wild animal would not be friendly and greet Clancy. The Romanticised in used all throughout the poem with ‘At night†¦. stars† being used to empathise this. Reality is that Clancy is out in the bush without comforts. These are some of the many literary techniques that both composers have used in their texts to portray people, places and ideas. The more effective that each technique is, the more we can imagine what is going on to the character, and it helps give us a more in-depth knowledge about the text. Through the use of camera angles of Alice, Mise-en-scene of Frank’s house and the metaphor of Punt Road the pigeon John Ruane has created a film that shows a lot of belonging and change in characters. Banjo Paterson has used the techniques of strong adjectives, modality and the Romanticised bush to describe the City dweller as someone who is fed up with their life in the city and wants to be free and live a life in the country like Clancy of the Overflow